1) The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal, leading to the colonization of the Americas.

2) Insurance premiums are the payments made by policyholders to insurance companies in exchange for coverage.

3) Cyclones are fueled by warm ocean waters and atmospheric conditions that allow the formation of thunderstorms.

4) The Andes, stretching along the western coast of South America, is the longest mountain range in the world, spanning over 4,300 miles (7,000 kilometers).